Top Indian Websites

Top Indian Websites 

Top Indian Website according to Alexa.com ( Criteria used : Number of Website visitors from India)
1. Yahoo!
Personalized content and search options. Chatrooms, free e-mail, clubs, and pager.
yahoo.com

2. Orkut.com
orkut.com

3. Google India
Indian version of this popular search engine. Search the whole web or only webpages from India. Interfaces offered in English, Hindi, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi and Tamil.
google.co.in

4. Google
Enables users to search the Web, Usenet, and images. Features include PageRank, caching and translation of results, and an option to find similar pages. The company's focus is developing search technology.
google.com

5. Rediff.com
rediff.com

6. Microsoft Network (MSN)
Dialup access and content provider.
msn.com

7. Naukri.com
India's No. 1 job site.
naukri.com

8. Rapidshare.com
rapidshare.com

9. Windows Live
由微软MSN推出的提供网页、图片搜索服务。
live.com

10. Blogger.com
Free, automated weblog publishing tool that sends updates to a site via FTP.
blogger.com

11. Indiatimes
Portal site; includes news stories under subject headings, and links to other information sources.

12. YouTube
User-submitted videos with rating, comments, and contests.

13. Debonairblog.com
debonairblog.com

14. Megaupload
Megaupload is a "leading website of the world" for transferring files easily, with complete security and free of charge.
megaupload.com

15. Wikipedia
A free encyclopedia built collaboratively using Wiki software. (GNU Free Documentation License).

16. Cricinfo
International cricket news, live scores, photos, columns and player profiles. Provides archive scorecards, statistics database, ratings and email newsletter. Part of the Wisden Group. UK.
cricinfo.com

17. A World of Music - Raaga.com
Hindi, Tamil and Telugu songs.
raaga.com

18. Microsoft Corporation
Official site. Find out about products and services, read company news, or check out job openings. Also offers product support, downloads, and learning tools.
microsoft.com

19. Starware.com
starware.com

20. RapidShare
Users can upload up to 300 meg files for sharing. Provides downloads of 300 megs per hour on the free service. Premium service also available.
rapidshare.de

21. Masala Talk
Chat about Bollywood, movies, and music.
masalatalk.com

22. Sify.com
India s leading portal for news, business, shopping, sports, movies, vedic astrology, food, and bollywood videos for Indians and NRIs. The largest Indian Community
sify.com

23. MoneyControl.com
MoneyControl.com is India s leading financial information source. It s the official site for CNBC TV18, and provides news, views, and analysis on equity / stock markets, commodities, personal finance, mutual funds, insurance and loans.
moneycontrol.com

24. Xboard.us
xboard.us

25. Santabanta.com
An Indian entertainment portal.
santabanta.com

26. 123 Greetings
Includes holidays, everyday, birthdays, flowers and pets. Features cards for several religious faiths. Animated images.
123greetings.com

27. EBay India
Online shopping mall to buy and sell by auction. Includes classifieds listing of products.
ebay.in

28. Monsterindia.com
monsterindia.com

29. ICICI Direct
Online share and mutual funds trading facility by the ICICI group.
icicidirect.com

30. Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation
Offers online rail ticket booking, and checking of ticket reservation status. Includes train schedules, availability of tickets, and a travel planner.
irctc.co.in

31. Shaadi
Offers matrimonial and wedding related services for Indian and south Asian communities worldwide.
shaadi.com

32. ICICI Bank
Offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate and retail customers.
icicibank.com

33. Indian Railways
The official site with information on trains, fares and availability.
indianrail.gov.in

34. Passport.net
passport.net

35. Hi5.com
hi5.com

36. Dadesiforum.com
dadesiforum.com

37. Freesexyindians.com
freesexyindians.com

38. Redefining Entertainment Online
Complete coverage of Hindi, Tamil and Telugu movies. Get the latest news, trailers, galleries of stars and movies, download wallpapers, reviews, previews and much much more.
indiaglitz.com

39. MSN India
Indian edition of the portal offering news, entertainment, sports and weather. Includes a search engine.
msn.co.in

40. Jeevansathi.com
A free site for Indian origin persons seeking matrimonial alliances.
jeevansathi.com

41. Googlesyndication.com
googlesyndication.com

42. ImageVenue hosting
World s most popular free image hosting for bloggers and message board users.
imagevenue.com

43. Telugu Cinema
Website devoted to Telugu cinema and music.
idlebrain.com -

44. Digital Point Solutions
Offering FileMaker, MySQL and Oracle hosting since 1999.

45. Amazon.com
Amazon.com, a Fortune 500 company based in Seattle, opened its virtual doors on the World Wide Web in July 1995 and today offers Earth's Biggest Selection. Amazon.com seeks to be Earth's most customer-centric company, where customers can find and discover anything they might want to buy online, and endeavors to offer its customers the lowest possible prices. Amazon.com and sellers list millions of unique new and used items in categories such as apparel and accessories, electronics, computers, kitchenware and housewares, books, music, DVDs, videos, cameras and photo items, toys, baby items and baby registry, software, computer and video games, cell phones and service, tools and hardware, travel services, magazine subscriptions and outdoor living items. Site has numerous personalization features and services including one-click buying, extensive customer and editorial product reviews, gift registries, gift certificates, wish lists, restaurant and movie listings, travel, and photo processing.
amazon.com

46. Cooltoad.com
cooltoad.com

47. Bombay Stock Exchange - India
The Stock Exchange, Mumbai current quotes, data, securities information.
bseindia.com

48. Rediff Mail
E-mail at rediffmail.com
rediffmail.com

49. Masala4india
Indian Masala Board, Indian Masala, Music, Entertainment, indian Entertainment.
masala4india.com

50. Tamilmatrimony.com
tamilmatrimony.com

51. ClickJobs.com 
ClickJobs.com is built around the promise of matching talented professionals with dynamic organizations. The company leverages the rich experience of its group company, BharatMatrimony to provide superior services in all aspects of client operations.
clickjobs.com

52. Eenadu 
Andhrula abhimaana vaaratha patrika - ippudu internetlo
eenadu.net

53. Megashare.com 
megashare.com

54. Zapak.com 
zapak.com

55. Information.com 
information.com

56. Sifymax.com 
sifymax.com

57. The Internet Movie Database 
Features plot summaries, reviews, cast lists, and theatre schedules.
imdb.com

58. CNET Download.com 
The site is one of the largest and most trusted sources of freeware, shareware, and other software downloads.
download.com

59. Flickr 
Picture galleries available with social networking, chat, groups, and photo ratings.
flickr.com

60. OneIndia.in 
OneIndia, as the name signifies, provides all information related to India under ONE roof. We specialize in India languages.
oneindia.in

61. தினமலர் 
தமிழ் நாளேடு (ஸ்ரீ802 உருக்கட்டு தேவை).
dinamalar.com

62. EBay 
International person to person auction site, with products sorted into categories.
ebay.com -

63. BBC Newsline Ticker 
Headline ticker will automatically update throughout the day with the latest news, sport, travel, finance and weather from the BBC. Available for multiple OS platforms.
bbc.co.uk

64. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. 
Offers telephone services to private and business customers.
bsnl.co.in

65. ImageShack 
ImageShack® is a free image hosting solution. It can be used to share pictures with friends, as well as post images on message boards and blogs. It can also be used to direct link images from your personal website or online auction. And best of all, it's completely free.
imageshack.us

66. NDTV 
New Delhi Television
ndtv.com -

67. Sulekha
Online Indian community with classifieds for 60 cities worldwide, matrimonials for Indian professionals, tickets, petitions, weblogs and news.
sulekha.com -

68. About
Directory features links, articles and reviews.
about.com

69. UserCash.com
Paid URL forwarding
usercash.com

70. Indian adult website


71. Sify.com
India s leading portal for news, business, shopping, sports, movies, vedic astrology, food, and bollywood videos for Indians and NRIs. The largest Indian Community
sify.net

72. HDFC Bank Ltd.
Information about services offered to resident Indians, NRI's, and companies. Links to its subsidiary companies.
hdfcbank.com

73. IndiaFM
IndiaFM is India s only Bollywood and the no.1 Bollywood site. It is also the largest Bollywood news and music site. Here, you will find daily updates from Bollywood and Complete source of News, Information, and Entertainment from Bollywood
indiafm.com

74. Picscrazy.com
picscrazy.com

75. Air Deccan
Provide helicopter services for company charters, tourism, medical evacuation, and off-shore logistics.
airdeccan.net

76. Music India Online 
Has a large collection of music and songs classified by type, language and region. All downloads are streamed through RealAudio.
musicindiaonline.com

77. MakeMyTrip.com Pvt. Ltd. 
The number one travel e-commerce website in India, MakeMyTrip.com has brought a revolution in the travel market by shifting the power of information and decision-making from the travel agent to the customer.
makemytrip.com

78. Zadserver.com 
zadserver.com

79. ESPN Star Sports 
The latest sporting news
espnstar.com

80. Geocities 
15 Mb with 3Gb monthly bandwidth limit. Banner or Pop-up ads on each page. Browser or FTP uploads. On-line editor. CGI scripts: counter and guestbook. URL: 'http://www.geocities.com/yoursite/'.
geocities.com

81. Ibnlive.com 
Most comprehensive coverage of news, videos, Bollywood, music, politics, cricket and blogs nformation from India.
ibnlive.com

82. National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) 
India securities market information, including real time graphs, information.
nseindia.com

83. Desitorrents.com 
desitorrents.com

84. Metacafe.com 
metacafe.com

85. Chitchatters.net
chitchatters.net

86. Myspace 
Social Networking Site.
myspace.com

87. Adult Friendfinder 
Personal adverts with pictures and chat. [Membership]
adultfriendfinder.com

88. Mywebsearch.com 
mywebsearch.com

89. 99acres.com 
Real estate portal featuring listing of properties. Includes a property gallery and search.
99acres.com

90. India Forums : Indian TV Serials Forum 
Discussion Forum for popular Indian TV shows like Jassi Jaissi Koi Nahin (Jassi Jaisi Koi Nahin), Kkusum (Kusum)
india-forums.com

91. World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. 
Official site with wrestler information, corporate details, news, merchandise, and a directory of affiliated sites. [Formerly the World Wrestling Federation.]
wwe.com

92. StatCounter.com 
Detailed visitor stats and a choice of graphical counters. An invisible counter is also available.
statcounter.com

93. Vmn.net 
vmn.net

94. Times Jobs & Careers 
A database of jobs advertised in India for positions in India and abroad. From the Times of India Group.
timesjobs.com

95. IBM Corporation 
Website for International Business Machines Corporation
ibm.com

96. Myhotboard.com 
myhotboard.com

97. Google UK 
The local version of this pre-eminent search engine, offering UK-specific pages as well as world results.
google.co.uk

98. Adobe 
Provides a range of products for digtal media creation and editing, multimedia authoring, and web development. Site contains extensive documentation and support for all software.
adobe.com

99. Mail2Web 
This simple and easy to use site provides web based access to a POP3 account. Does not require sign-up and offers a secure connection.
mail2web.com

100. Hindu.com 
hindu.com

Interesting Facts About India

Interesting Facts About India

The name `India’ is derived from the River Indus, the valleys around which were the home of the early settlers. The Aryan worshippers referred to the river Indus as the Sindhu.

The Persian invaders converted it into Hindu. The name `Hindustan’ combines Sindhu and Hindu and thus refers to the land of the Hindus.

The number system was invented by India. Aryabhatta was the scientist who invented the digit zero.

Sanskrit is considered as the mother of all higher languages. This is because it is the most precise, and therefore suitable language for computer software. ( a report in Forbes magazine, July 1987 ).

Chess was invented in India.

Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus are studies which originated in India.

The' place value system' and the 'decimal system' were developed in 100 BC in India.

The first six Mogul Emperor's of India ruled in an unbroken succession from father to son for two hundred years, from 1526 to 1707.

The World's First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara temple at Tanjavur in Tamil Nadu. The shikhara is made from a single ' 80-tonne ' piece of granite. Also, this magnificient temple was built in just five years, (between 1004 AD and 1009 AD) during the reign of Rajaraja Chola

India is.......the Largest democracy in the world, the 6th largest country in the world AND one of the most ancient and living civilizations (at least 10, 000 years old).

The game of snakes & ladders was created by the 13th century poet saint Gyandev. It was originally called 'Mokshapat.' The ladders in the game represented virtues and the snakes indicated vices. The game was played with cowrie shells and dices. Later through time, the game underwent several modifications but the meaning is the same i.e good deeds take us to heaven and evil to a cycle of re-births.

The world's highest cricket ground is in Chail, Himachal Pradesh.
Built in 1893 after levelling a hilltop, this cricket pitch is 2444 meters above sea level.

India has the most no of post offices in the world !

The largest employer in the world is the Indian railway system, employing over a million people !.

The World's first university was established in Takshila in 700 BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.

Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to mankind. The father of medicine, Charaka, consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago.

Although modern images & descriptions of India often show poverty, India was one of the richest countries till the time of British in the early 17th Century. Christopher Columbus was attracted by India's wealth and was looking for route to India when he discovered America by mistake.

The art of Navigation & Navigating was born in the river Sindh 6000 over years ago. The very word 'Navigation' is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH. The word navy is also derived from the Sanskrit word 'Nou'.

Bhaskaracharya rightly calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the sun hundreds of years before the astronomer Smart. His calculations was - Time taken by earth to orbit the sun: ( 5th century ) 365.258756484 days.

The value of "pi" was first calculated by the Indian Mathematician Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, which was long before the European mathematicians.

Algebra, trigonometry and calculus also orignated from India. Quadratic equations were used by Sridharacharya in the 11th century. The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 10*53 ( i.e 10 to the power of 53 ) with specific names as early as 5000 B.C. during the Vedic period. Even today, the largest used number is Tera: 10*12

Indian Magazines

Businessworld :
Businessworld is a weekly Indian business magazine. Written in English, Businessworld is the country's most popular business magazine, and the only one printed weekly. Published by Ananda Publishers, whose most prominent publication is The Telegraph, the Businessworld offices are located in the city of New Delhi.

Champak :
Champak is the most popular children's magazine in India. The magazine is published by the Delhi Press Group. It has been in print since 1968. The magazine is published in 8 languages including Hindi, English, Gujarati, Marathi, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, and Malayalam.

Competition Success Review :
A prominent general knowledge magazine, which claims to be "India's largest" magazine in this slot and a "leader for the last three decades". It is read across India, mainly by students wanting to appear for competitive entrance exams.

As per NRS(National Readership Survey)2001, CSR emerged as the largest selling magazine among all monthlies and fortnightlies with a total readership of 74 lakhs.
The head office of Competition Success Review is located at Rajendra Place in New Delhi. The group, Competition Review Private Limited also publishes another monthly magazine General Knowledge Today. The group also publishes the CSR Hindi monthly edition which started with August,2002.Currently, CSR is into the 43rd year of its publication.

Developer IQ (Magazine) :
Developer IQ is a monthly information technology magazine published by IQ TechMedia Pvt Ltd since 2000. The magazine was founded by S Ramdas, who has served as the editor for the first five years. The magazine is currently edited by Raja Reddy. Ramdas S returned back as the editor in August 2006 edition.

Digit (magazine) :
Digit is a monthly information technology magazine published by Jasubhai Digital Media Pvt. Ltd since 2001. Its tag-line is Digit >> Your technology navigator.

ELLE :
ELLE is a worldwide magazine that focuses on women's fashion, beauty, health, and entertainment. It was founded by Pierre Lazareff and his spouse Hélène Gordon in 1945.

It is owned by the Lagardère Group of France and it is published in the US by Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., in Argentina by Grupo Clarín and in Germany by Hubert Burda Media. The first UK edition was published in November 1985.
ELLE magazine also hosts an annual ELLE Style Awards ceremony. The winners are published in the magazine.

Femina :
Femina is a magazine, published fortnightly in India. It is owned by The Times Group. It is primarily a women's magazine and features articles on Relationships, Beauty & Fashion, Cuisine, and Health & Fitness. It also features articles on celebrities and various cultural facets of Indian women.
Femina was first published in July 1959. It has organized and sponsored the Femina Miss India beauty pageant since 1964. As of last year. Femina and Filmfare along with a slew of minor brands have been hived off into a subsidiary. 50% of this subsidiary has been sold to BBC Magazines.


Filmfare :
Filmfare is a magazine, published monthly in India. It is owned by The Times Group. It is primarily a film gossip magazine
Filmfare organizes and sponsors the Filmfare Movie Awards. As of last year. Filmfare and Femina along with a slew of minor brands have been hived off into a subsidiary. 50% of this subsidiary has been sold to BBC Magazines

Frontline (magazine) :
Frontline is a fortnightly English language magazine published by The Hindu group of publications from Chennai, India. N. Ram is the Editor-in-Chief of the magazine.

Grihshobha :
Grihshobha (ASIN B00007AXOS) is a Hindi-medium magazine aimed at Indian woman. The magazine was started in 1979 as a monthly by the Delhi Press Group in Hindi.

India Today :
India Today is an Indian weekly newsmagazine, in publication since 1975. India Today is also the name of its sister-publication in Hindi. Aroon Purie is its editor-in-chief from 1975, a position he has held continuously for last three decades. It is part of the India Today group also founded in 1975 and which now includes 13 magazines, 3 radio stations, 4 TV channels, 1 newspaper, a classical music label, book publishing and India's only book club. Until recently, India Today has a weekly circulation of 1.4 million copies and is estimated to be read by 15 million people. With the publication of its 30th Anniversary issue in December 2005, the magazine which had commenced publication in 1975 with a circulation of 5000 copies, currently has five editions and a circulation of over one million copies with a readership of over 20 million.

Linux For You :
Linux For You or LFY is an English-language magazine published in India by EFY Enterprises Pvt. Ltd (D-87/1 Okhla Industrial Area Phase I New Delhi 110020 India). It is the only magazine in Asia focusing on GNU/Linux and Open Source. LFY has helped the FLOSS activities in India by listing major Linux User Groups in the country. Now the magazine has readers in Singapore and Malaysia as well. The magazine bundles GNU/Linux distributions on CDs and DVDs in almost every issue.

Electronics for You is their first publication started from January 1969.

Little India (magazine) :
Little India is the largest circulated Indian publication in the United States. The magazine, established in 1991 and edited and published by Achal Mehra, focuses on the NRIs in the United States and features editorials and articles on living in the United States while being of Indian heritage and happenings and people from India. Usually there are several NRI's that are highlighted in each issue as well as articles on politics, problems of acculturation and cultural retention that most ABCDs face, news from India, popular culture, students, Bollywood, Indian cuisine and the generation gap.
The magazine is issued monthly and has a circulation of over 119,000. The magazine's liberal use of advertising from tandoori manufacturers to astrology services allows the magazine to be distributed free of cost to anyone living in the United States.

Outlook (magazine) :
Outlook is an Indian weekly English newsmagazine in publication since October 1995. Vinod Mehta has been its editor-in-chief from its inception. Outlook has also spawned the specialised magazines Outlook Traveller, Outlook Money and the Hindi Outlook Saptahik.
Originally owned by Hathway Investments Private Limited, it is now part of the Rajan Raheja Group.

Science Reporter :
Published by National Institute of Science Communication And Information Resources (NISCAIR), New Delhi, a constituent institution of CSIR India, Science Reporter is a popular monthly science magazine of India ever since 1964.

Sportstar :
Sportstar is a popular sports magazine published in India. Its headquarters are in Chennai. The magazine covers Sports in India. It also has an extended and lengthy coverage of cricket, the unofficial national sport of India. A sports 'Quiz Corner' is published every alternate week.
Recently Sportstar shifted from the magazine format to a tabloid one.

The Record Music Magazine :
The Record is the most popular & biggest-selling monthly music magazine in India. Featuring must-read news, in-depth profiles on your favourite artists & bands, intelligent reviews and exclusive engaging interviews with the hottest bands around, it’s the gospel of every young music fan.

The magazine covers a wide range of genres. The Backstreet Boys, Jennifer Lopez, Enrigue Iglesias, Robbie Williams, Coldplay, Norah Jones, among other Top 40 artists have been featured, often for the first time in an Indian publication. U2, Eric Clapton, Carlos Santana have also been interviewed. The magazine has been in publication for 7 years.
The magazine is published from Mumbai, India and edited by Mr. Sunand Bhojani. The magazine claims to have over 75,000 readers per month. The chief feature writer is the Indian Radio Jockey Fali R. Singara, a popular English speaking DJ in India.

Political Parties of India

Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
The Bharatiya Janata Party ,created in 1980, is one of the two major national political parties in India. It projects itself as a champion of the socio-religious cultural values of the country's Hindu majority, conservative social policies, and strong national defence. Its constituency is strengthened by the broad umbrella of Hindu nationalist organizations, informally known as the Sangh Parivar (League of Indian nationalist organizations), in which the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh plays a leading role.

Since its inception, the BJP has been a prime opponent of the Indian National Congress. It has allied with regional parties to roll back the left-of-centre tendencies formerly endorsed by the Congress Party, which dominated Indian politics for four decades. The ideological rallying cry of the BJP is Hindutva, literally "Hinduness," or cultural Hindu nationalism.

The BJP, in alliance with several other parties, led the Government of India between 1998 and 2004, under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Deputy Prime Minister Lal Krishna Advani, its most senior leaders. It is the leading party within the National Democratic Alliance and leads the opposition.

Leader : Rajnath Singh
Political Symbol : Lotus
Founded : 1980


Communist Party of India (CPI)
The Communist Party of India (CPI) is a political party in India. In the Indian communist movement, there are different views on exactly when the Indian communist party was founded. The date maintained as the foundation day by CPI is 26 December 1925. But the Communist Party of India (Marxist), which split-off from the CPI, claims that the party was founded in the USSR in 1920.

Leader : A.B. Bardhan
Founded : 1920
Political Symblol : ears of maize and sickle



Communist Party of India (Marxist)
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (usually abbreviated to CPI(M) or CPM) is a political party in India. It is strongest in the states of Kerala, West Bengal and Tripura. In all of these states, as of 2006, it currently holds the government. It split from the Communist Party of India in 1964. CPI(M) claims to have 814,408 members as of 2002.

Leader : Prakash Karat
Founded : 1964
Political Symblol : hammer, sickle, and star



Indian National Congress (INC - Congress)
Indian National Congress (also known as the Congress Party or Congress (I), abbreviated INC) is a major political party in India. Created in 1885 by AO Hume, the Indian National Congress became the nation's leader in the Independence Movement, with over 15 million Indians involved in its organizations and over 70 million participants in its struggle against the British Empire. After independence in 1947, it became the nation's dominant political party. In the 14th Lok Sabha (2004-2009), 145 INC members, the largest contingent amongst all parties, serve in the house. The party is currently the chief member of the ruling United Progressive Alliance coalition government supported by the Left Front.

Leader : Sonia Gandhi
Founded : 1885
Political Symblol : hand



Nationalist Congress Party (NCP)
It was formed on May 25, 1999, by Sharad Pawar, P.A. Sangma, and Tariq Anwar after they were thrown out of the Congress Party because of stating their belief that a person of foreign origin should not become the Prime Minister of India.

Leader : Sharad Pawar
Founded : 1999


The Lok Jan Shakti Party
The Lok Jan Shakti Party is a political party in India. It is led by Ram Vilas Paswan. The party was formed in 2000 when Paswan split from Janata Dal (United). The party has considerable following amongst Dalits in Bihar. The 2004 Lok Sabha elections marked a major break-through for the party.It contested the polls in alliance with Congress and RJD and won 4 Lok Sabha seats. Ramvilas Paswan became the minister of Steel and Fertilizers. In 2005 Bihar assembly poll the party contested in alliance with Congress and against RJD and won 29 assembly seats. It has the key to form the next government in Bihar.

Leader : Ram vilas Paswan
Founded : 2000


Telugu Desam Party
Telugu Desam Party (Party for Telugu Land) or TDP is a regional political party in India's Andhra Pradesh state. It was founded by former Telugu film star N.T. Rama Rao on March 29, 1982. Rama Rao wanted an alternative to the ruling Congress Party in the state. After establishing his party, he embraced Sanyasa (or renunciation) and vowed to dedicate himself to the Telugu people and to rejuvenate Telugu pride.In the 13th Lok Sabha (1999-2004), it was the fourth largest party with 29 members.

Leader : N. Chandrababu Naidu
Founded : 1982


Janata Dal (United)
Janata Dal (United) is a political party in India with political presence mainly in Bihar and Karnataka. It is led by George Fernandes. The current party was formed by the merger of the erstwhile Janata Dal (United) with the Samata Party on October 30, 2003. The uniting force is believed to be common opposition to Rashtriya Janata Dal in Bihar especially after the RJD welcomed Samata Party rebels like Raghunath Jha and Brahmananad Mandal into the party. Janata Dal (United) is a constituent of the National Democratic Alliance.

The Janata Dal (United) and the Rashtriya Janata Dal -ironically bitter political opponents today - originate from the same Janata Dal and Jayaprakash Narayan's Total Revolution movement of 1974.

Currently, the JD(U) heads the government in Bihar. The JD(U) along with its alliance partner, the BJP overthrew the RJD-led UPA government in Bihar in November, 2005. The government is headed by JD(U) leader, Nitish Kumar.


Rashtriya Janata Dal
The Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD- "National People's Party") is a political party in India. It is led by Laloo Prasad Yadav. It held power in the Indian state of Bihar, under the Chief Ministers Laloo Yadav and then Rabri Devi, who is also Laloo's wife, but after the elections in February 2005 the state of Bihar came under President's Rule through Governor of Bihar Sardar Buta Singh. Since then, a new election has brought another party to power in the state. The RJD is also a member of India's governing coalition led by the Congress Party. The RJD was formed when Laloo Yadav broke away from Janata Dal in 1997.


Shiv Sena
Shiv Sena is a nationalist political party in India founded on June 19, 1966 by Bal Thackeray, who is currently the president of the party. The Sena's ideology is based on the concepts of 'Bhumiputra' (Marathi for "Sons of the Soil") and Hindutva or Hindu nationalism. The 'Bhumiputra' ideology refers to the Shiv Sena's belief that Maharashtrians deserve more rights in Maharashtra than those who are not from Maharashtra. However, in recent times, the Sena has laid more emphasis on Hindutva. In the 13th Lok Sabha (1999-2004), it had 15 (out of 545) members. During that period, the party was part of the government coalition at the national level. Manohar Joshi, a Shiv Sainik, was the Speaker of Lok Sabha 2002-2004.

Shiv Sena has its employment cell Shiv Udyog Sena. Bharatiya Kamgar Sena ("Indian Worker's Army"), a labour union, is affiliated to the Shiv Sena. The Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Sena ("All India Students' Army") is the student wing of Shiv Sena.


Samajwadi Party
Samajwadi Party (Socialist Party) is a political party in India. It describes itself as a democratic socialist party. It was founded on 4 October 1992. It is one of several parties that emerged when the Janata Dal ("People's Party), India's primary opposition party prior to the BJP, was fragmented into several regional parties. Samajwadi Party is led by Mulayam Singh Yadav, the current Chief Minister of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

In the 14th Lok Sabha, it currently has 38 members, and is the fourth largest party in that house, its best ever tally. Besides 36 members from Uttar Pradesh, it won one seat from Uttranchal (formerly part of U.P.). In 2005, former Karnataka Chief Minister Bangarappa resigned from the BJP to join the Samajwadi Party. He successfully held on to his Lok Sabha seat from Shimoga under a new party ticket.


Nationalist Trinamool Congress
Nationalist Trinamool Congress is a political party in India. NTC was formed in 2004 when the All India Trinamool Congress of Mamata Banerjee merged with P.A. Sangma's faction of the Nationalist Congress Party. NTC is a member of National Democratic Alliance, a coalition led by BJP.


Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)
The Bahujan Samaj Party is a political party in India. In the 13th Lok Sabha (1999-2004) it had 14 (out of 545) members. The party has its main base in the state of Uttar Pradesh, whose government the party has led several times.

Leader : Mayawati
Political Symbol : Elephant

Indian state and union territory capitals

India is divided into twenty-eight states and seven union territories (UTs)and one national capital territory. States have their own government, whereas UTs are administered by the Central government. However, Pondicherry, a UT, has its own elected government. The National Capital Territory of Delhi is a special region that has its own elected government and a status in between a state and a union territory.


States :

Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh is a state in South India. It lies between 12°41' and 22°N latitude and 77° and 84°40'E longitude, and is bordered by Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Orissa in the north, the Bay of Bengal in the East, Tamil Nadu to the south and Karnataka to the west. Andhra Pradesh is the fourth largest state in India by area and fifth largest by population. It is the largest and most populous state in Southern India. It is also considered the rice bowl of India. The state is crossed by two major rivers, the Godavari and Krishna. Andhra means "leader in battle" and Pradesh means "region" or "state".

Capital : Hyderabad
Governor : Rameshwar Thakur
Chief Minister : Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy


Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh pronunciation is a state of India. Formerly known as North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA). It is part of what are called the "Seven Sisters of Northeast India". Arunachal Pradesh borders the state of Assam to the south and Nagaland to the south east. Myanmar lies to the east of the state, Bhutan to the west and People's Republic of China to the north. Itanagar is the capital of the state.

The name Arunachal is derived from Sanskrit Aruna meaning "the first ray of light" and Achal, or mountain. Arunachal Pradesh's serene environment, Himalayan landscape and Hindu-Buddhist culture has made a popular tourist destination in recent years. Arunachal Pradesh is home to more than 600 species of orchids, due to which it is often known as "nature's treasure trove.

Capital : Itanagr
Governor : S.K.Singh
Chief Minister : Gegong Apang


Assam
Assam is a northeastern state of India with its capital at Dispur - now a part of Guwahati. Located just below the eastern Himalayan foothills, it is surrounded by the other northeastern states: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura and Meghalaya. Assam and its commercial capital Guwahati form the gateway to the northeastern states, together called the seven sisters. These states are connected to the rest of India via Assam's border with West Bengal and a narrow strip called the "Chicken's Neck." Assam also shares international borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh.

On February 27, 2006 the cabinet of ministers in Assam adopted a controversial proposal to change the name of the state to Asom which is yet to be implemented.

Capital : Dispur
Governor : Ajai Singh
Chief Minister : Tarun Gogoi


Bihar
Bihar is a state of the Indian union situated in the eastern part of the country. Its capital is Patna. To Bihar's north is the Kingdom of Nepal. On its other three sides Bihar is surrounded by the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh to the west, Jharkhand to the south and West Bengal to the east. Bihar lies in the very fertile Gangetic plains. Culturally, it is a part of the Hindi heartland of India. Bihar is also the birth place of the first president of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, and freedom fighters like Maulana Mazharul Haque.

Capital : Patna
Governor : R.S.Gavai
Chief Minister : Nitish Kumar


Chhattisgarh
A state in central India, formed when the sixteen Chhattisgarhi speaking southeastern districts of Madhya Pradesh gained statehood on November 1, 2000. Raipur serves as its capital. It is the 10th largest state of India by area. Chhattisgarh takes its name from 36 (Chattis is thirty-six in Hindi and Garh is Fort) princely states in this region from very old times.
It borders Madhya Pradesh on the northwest, Maharashtra on the west, Andhra Pradesh on the south, Orissa on the east, Jharkhand on the northeast and Uttar Pradesh on the north.
The Chhattisgarhi language, part of the East-Central group of Indo-Aryan languages, is the predominant language in the region. It is often regarded by linguists to be a dialect of Hindi, which is the official language of the state. The hill districts of the state serve as a home to the Gond peoples, who speak Dravidian languages.

Capital : Raipur
Governer : Sk.M.Seth
Chief Minister : Raman Singh


GOA
Goa is India's second smallest state in terms of area (after Delhi) and the fourth smallest in terms of population (after Sikkim, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh). It is located on the west coast of India, in the region known as the Konkan, and is bounded by the state of Maharashtra to the north, and Karnataka to the east and south. The Arabian Sea bounds it to the west. Panaji (Panjim) is the state's capital, and Vasco-da-Gama (Vasco) its largest city. The second largest and most historic city is Margao with the most western Portuguese culture. Portuguese merchants first landed in Goa in the 15th century, and annexed it soon after. The Portuguese colony existed for about 450 years, until it was successfully taken over by India in 1961.

Capital : Panaji
Governor : SC Jamir
Chief Minister : Pratapsing Rane


Gujarat
Gujarat is the most industrialized state in the Republic of India with 19.8% of the country's total industrial output, which exceeds that of Maharashtra, whose output is 19.2% and contains many of the country's former Princely states. Gujarat borders Pakistan, and the states of Rajasthan to the north-east, Madhya Pradesh to the east, Maharashtra and the Union territories of Diu, Daman, Dadra and Nagar Haveli to the south. The international border with Pakistan is to the north-west. The Arabian Sea makes up the state's western coast. Its capital, Gandhinagar is a planned city and is located near Ahmedabad, the former state capital and the current commercial center of Gujarat.

Capital : Gandhinagar
Governor : Naval Kishor Sharma
Chief Minister : Narendra Modi


Haryana
Haryana is a state in north India. It was carved out of the state of Punjab in 1966. It is bordered by Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north, and Rajasthan to the west and south. Eastern border to Uttaranchal & Uttar Pradesh is defined by river Yamuna. Haryana also surrounds Delhi on three sides, forming the northern, western and southern borders of Delhi. Consequently, a large area of Haryana is included in the National Capital Region. The capital of Haryana is Chandigarh which is administered as a union territory and is also the capital of Punjab. The cities near Delhi, particularly Gurgaon and Faridabad are emerging as major hubs for the information technology industry. There is also an established steel and textile industry. Haryana is also home to Maruti Udyog Limited, India's largest automobile manufacturer, and Hero Honda Limited, the world's largest manufacturer of two-wheelers.

Capital : Chandigarh
Governor : A.R. Kidwai
Chief Minister : Bhupinder Singh


Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh , formerly the Punjab Hill States, is a mostly mountainous state in northern India. Neighbouring regions are Tibet to the east, Jammu and Kashmir to the north and northwest, Punjab to the southwest, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the south and Uttaranchal to the southeast. With an area of 55,658 km² (21,490 sq mi), Himachal is one of the smaller states of the country and holds the 17th rank in the list of States and Union Territories of India.

The state capital is Shimla , other major towns are Solan, Dharamsala, Kangra, Mandi, Kullu, Chamba, Hamirpur, Dalhousie and Manali. The western Himalaya lies in the north and east and the smaller Shiwalik (or Shivalik) range in the south. Himachal Pradesh has five major rivers. These are Sutlej, Ravi, Chenab, Beas and Yamuna.

Capital : Shimla
Governor : Vishnu Sadashiv
Chief Minister : Virbhadra Singh


Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir,is the northern-most state of Republic of India, lying mostly in the Himalayan mountains. Jammu and Kashmir shares a border with Himachal Pradesh to the south, Pakistan to the west and People's Republic of China to the north and the east.

Capital : Jammu
Governor : S.K.Sinha
Chief Minister : Ghulam Nabi Azad

Jharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar state on 15 November 2000. Jharhkand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east.

The industrial city of Ranchi is its capital. The other major cities and indurstrial centres are Jamshedpur, Bokaro,Sindri, Giridih, Gumla, Deoghar and Dhanbad once a part of West Bengal.
Jharkhand is also popularly known as Vananchal (vana plus anchal, meaning land of woods). Jharkhand is famed for its mineral wealth and forestry products.

Capital : Ranchi
Governor : Syed Sibtey Razi
Chief Minister : Madhu Koda

Karnataka 
Karnataka is one of the four southern states of India. The modern state of Karnataka came into existence with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act (1956), with the incorporation of districts under the dominion of Bombay, Hyderabad, Madras State and Coorg within the existing state of Mysore State.

Karnataka's capital, Bengalooru, is the capital city of the state with a population of more than 6 million. Other major cities include Mysore, Mangalore, Hubli-Dharwad, Davanagere, Bellary, Hassan, Shimoga and Belgaum. Kannada is the official language of the state. Karnataka is the 8th largest Indian state by area and 9th largest by population.

Capital : Bengalooru (Bangalore)
Governor : T. N. Chaturvedi
Chief Minister : H.D.Kumaraswamy


Kerala
Kerala is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. To its east and northeast, Kerala borders Tamil Nadu and Karnataka; to its west and south lie the Indian Ocean islands of Lakshadweep and the Maldives, respectively. Kerala envelops Mahé, a coastal exclave of Pondicherry. Kerala is one of four states that compose the linguistic-cultural region known as South India.

Capital : Thiruvananthapuram
Governor : R.L.Bhatia
Chief Minister : V.S. Achuthanandan


Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh, often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal. Madhya Pradesh was originally the largest state in India until November 1, 2000 when the state of Chhattisgarh was carved out. It borders the states Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan.

Capital : Bhopal
Governor : Balram Jakhar
Chief Minister : Shivraj Singh


Maharashtra
Maharashtra is India's third largest state in terms of area and second largest in terms of population after Uttar Pradesh. It is bordered by the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Goa and the Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. The Arabian Sea makes up the state's western coast. Mumbai, India's largest city, is the capital of Maharashtra.

Capital : Mumbai
Governor : SM krishna
Chief Minister : Vilasrao Deshmukh


Manipur
Manipur is a state in northeastern India making its capital in the city of Imphal. Manipur is bounded by the Indian states of Nagaland in the north, Mizoram in the south and Assam in the west; it also borders the country of Myanmar to the east.

Capital : Imphal
Governor : Shivinder Singh Sindhu
Chief Minister : Okram Ibobi Singh


Meghalaya
Meghalaya is a small state in north-eastern India. The word "Meghalaya" literally means "The Abode of Clouds" in Hindi and Sanskrit. Meghalaya is a hilly strip in the eastern part of the country about 300 km long (East-West) and 100 km wide, with a total area of about 22,429 km². The population numbered 2,175,000 in 2000. The state is bounded on the north by Assam and by Bangladesh on the south. The capital is Shillong, which has a population of 260,000.

Capital : Shillong
Governor : M.M.Jacob
Chief Minister : J. Dringwell Rymbai


Mizoram
Mizoram is one of the Seven Sister States in northeastern India on the border with Myanmar. Its population at the 2001 census stood at 888,573. Mizoram boasts a literacy rate of 88.8% — the second highest among all the states of India, after Kerala.

Mizoram is a mountainous region which became the 23rd state of the Indian Union in February, 1987. It was one of the districts of Assam until 1973 when it became a Union Territory. Sandwiched between Myanmar in the east and south and Bangladesh in the west, Mizoram occupies an area of great stategic importace in the northeastern corner of India. The boundaries with Myanmar and Bangladesh total 722 kilometers.

Capital : Aizawl
Governor : M.M.Lakhera
Chief Minister : Pu Zoramthanga


Nagaland
Nagaland is the farthest-lying state in northeast India. It borders the states of Assam and Manipur to the west, Arunachal Pradesh to the northeast, and Myanmar to the east. The state capital is Kohima, and the largest city is Dimapur. With a population of nearly two million people, it has a total area of 16,579 km - making it one of the smallest states of India. It is the site of ongoing sectarian violence between ethnic Kukis and Nagas.

Capital : Kohima
Governor : Shyamal Datta
Chief Minister : Neiphiu Rio


Orissa
Orissa is a state situated in the east coast of India.
Orissa is bounded on the north by Jharkhand, on the north-east by West Bengal, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, on the south by Andhra Pradesh and on the west by Chhattisgarh.
The relatively unindented coastline (c.200 mi/320 km long) lacks good ports, except for the deepwater facility at Paradip. The narrow, level coastal strip, including the Mahanadi River delta, is exceedingly fertile. Orissa is home to the Hirakud Dam, one of the longest dams in the world. Rainfall is heavy and regular, and two crops of rice (by far the most important cereal) are grown annually. The state is known for its temples, especially in the cities of Konark, Puri, and Bhubaneswar.

Orissa has several popular tourist destinations. Puri, with the Jagannatha's temple near the sea, and Konark, with the Sun Temple, are visited by thousands of tourists from the West every year.

Capital : Bhubaneswar
Governor : Rameshwar Thakur
Chief Minister : Naveen Patnaik


Punjab
Punjab is a state in northwest India. Punjab (India) borders Punjab (Pakistan) to the west, Jammu and Kashmir to the north, Himachal Pradesh to the northeast, Haryana to the south and southeast, Chandigarh to the southeast and Rajasthan to the southwest. The total area of the state is 50,362 square kilometres (19,445 square miles). The population is 24,289,296 (2000). Punjab's capital is Chandigarh, which is administered separately as a Union Territory since it is also the capital of neighbouring Haryana. Other major cities of Punjab include Amritsar, Jalandhar, Ludhiana and Patiala. The state is the location of one of the world's first and oldest civilizations, the Indus Valley Civilization, India's first civilization.

Punjab (India) historically forms a part of the larger Punjab region, which also includes the province of Punjab (Pakistan), the Indian states of Haryana and Himachal Pradesh and Delhi and the Union Territory of Chandigarh. Indian Punjab was trifurcated in the year 1966 leading to the formation of Haryana and Himachal Pradesh.

Capital : Chandigarh
Governor : S.F. Rodrigues
Chief Minister : Amarinder Singh


Rajasthan
Rajasthan is the largest state of the Republic of India in terms of area. It borders Pakistan to the west, Gujarat to the southwest, Madhya Pradesh to the southeast, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana to the northeast and Punjab to the north. Rajasthan covers an area of 342,239 km² (132,139 mi²).
The state capital is Jaipur. Geographical features include the Thar Desert in western Rajasthan and the termination of the Ghaggar River. One of the world's oldest mountain ranges, the Aravalli Range, cradles the only hill station of Rajasthan, Mount Abu, and its world famous Dilwara Temples. Eastern Rajasthan has two national tiger reserves, Ranthambore and Sariska, as well as Keoladeo National Park near Bharatpur, famous for its bird life.

Capital : Jaipur
Governor : Pratibha Patil
Chief Minister : Vasundhra Raje


Sikkim
Sikkim is a landlocked Indian state nestled in the Himalayas. It is the least populous state in India,and the third smallest in area after Delhi and Goa. Sikkim was an independent state ruled by the Namgyal monarchy until 1975, when a referendum was held and the population voted to join India as its twenty-second state. The thumb-shaped state borders Nepal in the west, Tibet (the People's Republic of China) to the north and east, and Bhutan in the south-east. The Indian state of West Bengal borders Sikkim to its south. The official languages are English, Bhutia, Nepali, Lepcha, and Limbu and Hindi. It must be noted though that almost all written transactions are in English. The predominant religions are Hinduism and Vajrayana Buddhism. Gangtok is the capital and largest town.

Capital : Gangtok
Governor : V. rama Rao
Chief Minister : Pawan Kumar


Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu pronunciation is a state at the southern tip of India. Tamil Nadu is bordered by Pondicherry, Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Sri Lanka, which has a significant Tamil minority, lies off the southeast coast.

Capital : Chennai
Governer : Surjit Singh
Chief Minister : M Karunanidhi


Tripura
Tripura is a state in North East India. The capital is Agartala and the main languages spoken are Bengali and Kokborok. Formerly it was an independent Tripuri Kingdom known as Tuipra and was merged with India on 15 October 1949 by the Tripura Merger Agreement.

Capital : Agartala
Governer : D.N.Sahay
Chief Minister : Manik Sarkar


Uttaranchal
Uttaranchal became the 27th state of the Republic of India on November 9, 2000. Uttaranchal borders Tibet (China) to the north and Nepal to the east, while its neighbour states are Himachal Pradesh to the west and Uttar Pradesh (of which it formed a part before 2000) in the south. The region is traditionally referred to as Uttarakhand in old literature and scriptures which derives from the Sanskrit for Northern Country. In August 2006, the Union Cabinet assented to the demand of the state government and region's social movments to change the name of the state back to Uttarakhand. The provisional capital of Uttaranchal is Dehra Dun which is also a rail-head and the largest city in the region. The small hamlet of Gairsen has been mooted as the future capital owing to its geographic centrality but controversies and lack of resources have led Dehra Dun to be the provisional capital. The High Court of the state is in Nainital.

Capital : Dehradun
Governer : Sudarshan Aggarwal
Chief Minister : Narayan Dutt


Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh , also popularly known by its abbreviation U.P. It is the most populous and fifth largest state in the Union of India.Uttar Pradesh covers a large part of the highly fertile and densely populated upper Gangetic plain. It shares an international border with Nepal and is bounded by the Indian states of Uttaranchal, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Bihar. The administrative and legislative capital of Uttar Pradesh is Lucknow; its high court is based at Allahabad. Other notable cities in Uttar Pradesh include NOIDA, Agra, Mathura, Aligarh, Varanasi (Banaras), Gorakhpur, Kanpur and Meerut.

Capital : Lucknow
Governer : T.V. Rajeswar
Chief Minister : Mulayam Singh yadav


West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in eastern India. With Bangladesh, which lies on its eastern border, the state forms the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. To its northeast lie the states of Assam and Sikkim and the country Bhutan, and to its southwest, the state of Orissa. To the west it borders the state of Jharkhand and Bihar, and to the northwest, Nepal.

Capital : Kolkata
Governer : Gopalkrishna Gandhi
Chief Minister : Buddhdev Bhattacharya



:Union Territories:


The Andaman & Nicobar
The Andaman & Nicobar Islands is a union territory of India. Informally, the territory's name is often abbreviated to A & N Islands, or ANI. It is located in the Indian Ocean, in the southern reaches of the Bay of Bengal. It is comprised of two island groups - the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands - which separate the Andaman Sea to the east from the Indian Ocean. These two groups are separated by the 10° N parallel, the Andamans lying to the north of this latitude, and the Nicobars to the south. The capital of this territory is the Andamanese town of Port Blair.
The territory's population as per the most recent (2001) Census of India was 356,152. Added together, the total land area of the territory is approximately 8,249 km².

Capital : Port Blair


Chandigarh
Chandigarh pronunciation also called The City Beautiful, is a city in India that serves as the capital of two states: Punjab and Haryana. However, administratively, the city is not under the jurisdiction of either state, it is administered by the Centre government and hence classified as a union territory. The Governor of the Punjab is the Administrator of Chandigarh.

The city derives its name from a temple of goddess Chandi (the Chandi Mandir) located in nearby Panchkula District of Haryana. The word Chandigarh literally means "the fort of goddess Chandi".
Chandigarh is known for its high standard of living and tops the list of Indian States (Provinces) and Union Territories with a Human Development Index of 0.674.

Chandigarh has two satellite cities (both of which share a border with it): Panchkula and Mohali. Sometimes, the triangle of these three cities is collectively called as the Chandigarh Tricity.

Capital : Chandigarh


Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Dadra and Nagar Haveli pronunciation is a Union Territory in western India. Nagar Haveli is wedged between Maharashtra and Gujarat, whereas Dadra is an enclave lying a few km north of Nagar Haveli in Gujarat. Its capital is Silvassa.

Dadra and Nagar Haveli are in the watershed of the Daman Ganga River, which flows through the territory. The towns of Dadra and Silvassa both lie on the north bank of the river. The Western Ghats range rises to the east, and the foothills of the range occupy the eastern portion of the district. The territory is landlocked, although the Arabian Sea coast lies just to the west in Gujarat.
The major spoken language in the territory is Marathi, Hindi and Gujarati.

Capital : Silvassa
Administrator : MR.R.K.VARMA


Daman and Diu
Daman and Diu is a union territory in India. For over 450 years these coastal enclaves on the Arabian Sea coast were part of Portuguese India, along with Goa and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Goa, Daman, and Diu were incorporated into the Republic of India on December 19, 1961; Portugal did not recognize Indian rule in these territories until 1974. Goa, Daman, and Diu were administered as part of a single union territory until 1987, when Goa was granted statehood, leaving Daman and Diu as a separate union territory; each enclave constitutes one of the union territory's two districts.

Capital : Daman
Administrator : Arun Mathur


Lakshadweep
Lakshadweep is the smallest union territory of India. Located in the Arabian Sea, it consists of twelve coral atolls, three coral reefs, five banks, and numerous islets that lie 200–300 km off of the coast of Kerala. The total land area of the territory is 32 km². Eleven of the islands are inhabited. Lakshadweep is the northern part of the erstwhile Lakshadweepa.

Capital : Kavaratti
Administrator : Shri Rajendra Kumar


Puducherry
Puducherry is a Union Territory of India. It is a former French colony, consisting of four non-contiguous enclaves, or districts, and named for the largest, Puducherry.
In September 2006, the territory changed its official name from Pondicherry to the vernacular original,Puducherry, which means "new village" in the Tamil language.It is also known as The French Riviera of the East (La Côte D'azur de l'Est).

Capital : Puducherry
Governor : Mukut Mithi
Chief Minister : N. Rangaswamy


The National Capital Territory of Delhi
The National Capital Territory of Delhi is a special Union Territory of India.
The territory encompasses three statutory towns: New Delhi (the capital of India), Delhi and Delhi Cantonment,along with 59 census towns and 165 villages.

The term is also used informally to refer to the national capital region (NCR) which is a metropolitan region and includes the surrounding satellite cities of Faridabad, Gurgaon, Ghaziabad and NOIDA.

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Renamed Indian cities

Andhra Pradesh

* Ellore to Eluru (change effective 1949)
* Waltair to Vizagapatam
* Vizagapatam to Vishakapatnam

Assam

* Nowgong to Nagaon
* Gauhati to Guwahati (change effective 1983)
* Sibsagar to Sivasagar

Gujarat

* Baroda to Vadodara (change effective 1974)
* Cambay to Khambhat

Himachal Pradesh

* Simla to Shimla

Karnataka

* Bangalore to Bengaluru (change effective from November 1, 2006)
* Mysore to Mysuru (change effective from November 1, 2006)
* Mangalore to Mangaluru (change effective from November 1, 2006)
* Belgaum to Belagavi (change effective from November 1, 2006)
* Hubli to Hubballi (change effective from November 1, 2006)
* Shimoga to Shivamogga (change effective from November 1, 2006)
* Hospet to Hosapete (change effective from November 1, 2006)
* Gulbarga to Kalburgi (change effective from November 1, 2006)
* Tumkur to Tumakuru (change effective from November 1, 2006)
* Chikmagalur to Chikmagaluru (change effective from November 1, 2006)


Kerala

* Calicut to Kozhikode
* Cranganore to Kodungallur
* Trichur to Thrissur
* Tellicherry to Thalassery
* Palghat to Palakkad
* Alleppey to Alappuzha (change effective from 1990)
* Trivandrum to Thiruvananthapuram (change effective from 1991)
* Cochin to Kochi (change effective from 1996)
* Cannanore to Kannur
* Quilon to Kollam
* Alwaye to Aluva
* Verapoly to Varapuzha

Maharashtra

* Poona to Pune
* Kirkee to Khadki
* Thana to Thane
* Bombay to Mumbai (change effective 1995)
* New Bombay to Navi Mumbai (change effective 1995)

Puducherry

* Pondicherry to Puducherry (change effective from October 1, 2006)
* Yanaon to Yanam (change effective from merger with Indian Union)

Punjab

* Jullunder to Jalandhar

Tamil Nadu

* Madura to Madurai (change effective 1949)
* Tinnevelly to Tirunelveli
* Tranquebar to Tharangambadi
* Trichinopoly to Tiruchirapalli
* Madras to Chennai (change effective August 1996)
* Tanjore to Thanjavur
* Tuticorin to Thoothukudi
* Cape Comorin to Kanyakumari
* Coimbatore to Koyamutthoor (change effective 1997)
* Ootacamund to Udagamandalam
* Conjeevaram to Kanchipuram

Uttar Pradesh

* Cawnpore to Kanpur (change effective 1948)
* Benares to Varanasi (change effective 1956)

West BengaL

* Calcutta to Kolkata (change effective from January 1, 2001)
* Burdwan to Bardhaman

Official languages of India

Official languages of India

1. Assamese — official language of Assam
2. Bengali — official language of Tripura and West Bengal
3. Bodo — official language of Assam
4. Dogri — official language of Jammu and Kashmir
5. Gujarati — official language of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu and Gujarat
6. Kannada — official language of Karnataka
7. Kashmiri — official language of Jammu and Kashmir
8. Konkani — official language of Goa
9. Maithili - official language of Bihar
10. Malayalam — official language of Kerala, Pondicherry and Lakshadweep
11. Manipuri (also Meitei or Meithei) — official language of Manipur
12. Marathi — official language of Maharashtra and Goa
13. Nepali — official language of Sikkim
14. Oriya — official language of Orissa
15. Punjabi — official language of Punjab and Chandigarh, second official language of Delhi and Haryana
16. Sanskrit — language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism, required teaching in many schools
17. Santhali - language of the Santhal tribals of the Chota Nagpur Plateau (comprising the states of Jharkhand, Bihar, Orissa and Chattisgarh)
18. Sindhi - language of the Sindhi community
19. Tamil — official language of Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry and Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
20. Telugu — official language of Andhra Pradesh and Pondicherry
21. Urdu — official language of Jammu and Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh
22. Hindi - Official Language of India